CLAUSE AND ITS TYPES
A clause is a group of words that works like a sentence
within a bigger sentence and contains a subject and a predicate of its own.
Types of clause
CLAUSE
MAIN OR PRINCIPAL CLAUSE
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 SUB-ORDINATE OR DEPENDENT CLAUSE |
CO-ORDINATE CLAUSE
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NOUN OR NOMINAL CLAUSE
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ADJECTIVE OR RELATIVE CLAUSE
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ADVERBIAL CLAUSE
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NOUN CLAUSE
Noun clause is one of the three types of sub-ordinate clause
which does the work of a noun in a complex sentence. A noun clause can be used
in different ways in a sentence. It is used as the subject or object of the verb, as the complement of an intransitive verb, in
apposition to a noun or a pronoun etc.
- What he did was unexpected. ( as subject )
- When he will come is uncertain. ( as subject)
- It seems that it may rain. ( as object )
- I do not know where I kept the documents. ( as object )
- Do not believe in what a stranger says. ( as object of the preposition )
- Give me an idea of what I should wear in the party. ( as object of the preposition )
- The question is who will bell the cat. ( as compliment of intransitive verb )
- Her belief is that I am an dishonest man. ( as compliment of intransitive verb )
- He concludes the report that water must be preserved. ( in Apposition to the noun ‘Report’)
- 10. You must have heard the proverb that slow but steady wins the race. ( in Apposition to the noun ‘Proverb’.
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
Adjective clause is one of the three types of sub-ordinate
clause which does the work of an adjective in a complex sentence ; i.e. It
qualifies a noun or pronoun in the main clause.
Adjective clause is introduced by either relative pronouns ( who,
which, whom, whose, that, what etc. ) or relative adverbs ( when, where, how,
why, whence etc.)
1. A.P.J Abdul Kalam who became the president of India, was born in a
poor family. ( Here, the highlighted
sub-ordinate clause qualifies the noun ‘ A.P.J Abdul Kalam’ and the clause is
introduced by the relative pronoun ‘who’. )
2. The place where the accident occurred is near the city police
station. ( Which place ? where the accident occurred )
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE
Adverbial clause does the work of an adverb in a complex
sentence and tells us when or where or how or why an incident is occurred.
Therefore, Adverbial clause can be classified as same as
adverb is classified. i.e.
Adverb clause of Time: This clause is generally introduced
by ‘ when, whenever, while, after, before, since, as , till, until etc’
- Don’t talk while you are eating
- As the teacher entered the classroom all the students stood up.
Adverb clause of Place: This clause is generally introduced
by ‘where, wherever, whereas, whence etc.’
- They followed the leader wherever he visited.
- Put it where you can find it again.
Adverb clause of Manner: This clause is generally starts
with ‘ as, as if, as though, such as etc.’
- She behaves as if she is a celebrity.
Adverb clause of Cause or Reason : This clause is introduced
by ‘ because, as, since, that etc.’
- I will definitely buy it because I like it very much.
- Since you are so intelligent you will definitely rank in the examination.
Adverb clause of Purpose: This clause generally contains ‘so that, in order to,
lest etc.’
- We earn so that we can live well.
- Google map was introduced in order that users can find their way easily.
Adverb clause of Result or Consequences : This clause
contains ‘THAT’ which is followed by ‘ so or such’ in the main clause.
- He is such a cruel man that all hate him.
- It rained so heavily last year that the rivers were soon in flood.
Adverb clause of Comparison : we use ‘Than or As’ in this
kind of clause.
- He is older than he looks.
- He is not so responsible as you think.
Adverb clause of Condition : ‘If , whether, unless’ is used
to imply condition.
- If it rains I shall not go to school.
- Unless you work harder you will not succeed.
Adverb clause of Supposition or concession : ‘Though, although, even if ‘ is used in this kind of clause.
- Though he is rich he is unhappy.
- Even if you pay me for this I will not do this.
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